Which significant battle did the Marines engage in during the Mexican War?

The Battle of Chapultepec is the correct answer because it was a crucial engagement during the Mexican-American War, taking place in September 1847. During this battle, U.S. Marine forces played a key role in capturing Chapultepec Castle, which was a formidable stronghold defending Mexico City. The success at Chapultepec was instrumental in leading to the fall of Mexico City and ultimately the conclusion of the war. The valor displayed by the Marines during this battle solidified their reputation and contributed to the legacy of the Marine Corps in U.S. military history.

The other options refer to battles that were not part of the Mexican-American War. The Battle of San Juan Hill occurred during the Spanish-American War, the Battle of Gettysburg was a pivotal engagement in the Civil War, and the Battle of Tarawa was fought during World War II. Each of these battles is significant within their respective wars but does not pertain to the Marine Corps’ involvement in the Mexican War.